Mineral Requirements for Growing Swine

als must be supplied in swine rations for optimum performance. About 5 percent of the total body weight of swine consists of mineral elements. These elements are essential for most of the basic metabolic reactions in the body. They have a role in digestion; metabolism of protein, fats, and carbohydrates; and the structure of chromosomes, enzymes, nerves, blood, skeleton, hair and milk. They are also an important factor in reproduction, growth, production, and resistance to parasites and diseases. The amount of a given mineral that an animal absorbs depends on concentration of that mineral in the diet, the mineral source, concentrations of other minerals in the diet, and the mineral status of the animal. Pigs depend primarily on their daily feed to supply needed mineral requirements. However, minerals should not be added to the diet haphazardly. The familiar saying “if a little is good, more is better” is not true of mineral supplements. Overuse can lead to serious consequences, including antagonistic effects between minerals and medications. Mineral deficiencies are more likely to occur in swine than in other farm animals. Body stores of minerals are used in emergencies, but these are insufficient for maximum production. Reasons for mineral supplementation for growing swine include the following: